Linux RAID Linux 软 RAID 配置 最近出了个 PCIe 3.1 x16 转 4 个 X4 M.2 SSD NVME 固态硬盘转接卡,正好一般的主板上只有一个 m.2 接口,难以扩展容量,将整了个转接卡,上面配上 4 个 nvme 的固态盘。
安装好了,在系统内识别成四块独立的 nvme 盘,不便于管理,就想着用软 RAID 实现加速和扩展。单盘理论速度是 3500MB/s,希望 RAID0 之后会有提升。
在 Linux 中通常是使用 md 模块来实现软件 RAID,这个模块系统在 Linux 3.6 之后集成,但是需要手动安装它的管理工具。
安装 mdadm 工具 建立分区表(默认msdos) 指定磁盘分区类型 创建软 raid 盘 格式化磁盘 $ sudo apt install mdadm $ fdisk /dev/nvme0n1 Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7bfec905. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). # 添加新分区 Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) # 选择分区类型 p # 设置分区号 Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-5221, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-5221, default 5221): Using default value 5221 # 打印支持的分区格式类型 Command (m for help): l 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 # 更改分区类型 Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): fd # 设置分区类型为RAID Changed system type of partition 1 to fd (Linux raid autodetect) Command (m for help): p # 打印信息 Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x7bfec905 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 5221 41937651 fd Linux raid autodetect Command (m for help): w # 保存分区信息 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. 至此,准备工作完成了。
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